Pulmonary exacerbation refers to a worsening of symptoms in individuals with chronic respiratory conditions, such as cystic fibrosis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). These exacerbations can be triggered by various factors, including infections, environmental pollutants, or other underlying health conditions. Symptoms of a pulmonary exacerbation typically include increased coughing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and a decline in lung function. Research in the area of pulmonary exacerbation focuses on identifying the triggers and risk factors for exacerbations, developing effective prevention strategies, and improving management and treatment options for individuals experiencing exacerbations. This research aims to enhance the quality of life and overall outcomes for patients with chronic respiratory conditions by reducing the frequency and severity of pulmonary exacerbations.